Pro Lite, Vedantu Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. Wir erinnern uns aus den vorangegangenen Tutorials, dass die … Why is zener diode used as a voltage regulator? 3 Zener diode applications. The Zener diode acts as a conventional diode when it is connected in the forward direction. Viva Voce. Ans. The action of the circuit can be explained as given below: Load current varies, the input voltage is constant: Let us consider that the load current increases. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. Zener diode. As the breakdown voltage is appro… Theory. The primary objective of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage. In ‘on’ state , the voltage across zener diode remains constant until the voltage across it deops less than VZ . The voltage drop across R L is 12 V, V in has values between 20 V and 35 V. The minimum current through R When forward biased, it behaves like a normal signal diode, but when the reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. Determine the maximum supply voltage that may develop, for example a 12 V level, also ensuring that the minimum supply voltage is always = 1.5 V + Vz (the zener voltage rating). Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. This silicon semiconductor is designed to function in the condition of reverse bias. 3(b) to charge a rechargeable battery of voltage V8 = 10V. We are going use it's reverse breakdown characteristics. However, this forward flow of current can be reversed if the voltage surpasses a specific value which is known as the breakdown or Zener voltage. In this Physics video in Hindi for class 12 we explained, with diagram, how Zener diode is used as voltage regulator. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. Indem die Zenerdiode einen kleinen Strom von einer Spannungsquelle über einen geeigneten Strombegrenzungswiderstand (RS) durch die Diode leitet, leitet sie genügend Strom, um einen Spannungsabfall von Voutaufrechtzuerhalten. VZ  = VL. After it attains a voltage V. , there is unrestricted current flow in the system. Displacement As Function Of Time and Periodic Function, Issuing Debentures as Collateral Security, A Little Knowledge is a Dangerous Thing Essay, Vedantu However, the Zener Diode or Breakdown Diode, as they are sometimes referred too, are basically the same as the standard PN junction diode but they are specially designed to have a low and specified Reverse Breakdown Voltage which takes advantage of any reverse voltage applied to it. The resistance box is connected as load across the zener diode and the regulated voltage across it is measured using the multimeter. A Zener diode working in the breakdown region can act as voltage regulator. Hence, VZ = VL. The current flows without much restriction while there can be a voltage drop of about 0.3 to 0.7 Volts. We have discussed the application of Zener diode as voltage regulator and now we will discuss the other two points. The output voltage of regulator system is fixed as the zener knee voltage of the zener diode and can be used in power devices requiring a fixed voltage of firm value. The fact that the voltage across the diode in the breakdown region is almost constant turns out to be an important application of the zener diode as a voltage regulator . Therefore, the constant voltage helps Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator. When the minimum input voltage and the maximum load current is applied, the Zener diode current should always be minimum. A voltage regulator is a device that regulates the voltage level. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. In breakdown the voltage across the Zener diode is close to constant over a wide range of currents thus making it useful as a shunt voltage regulator. If the voltage is above a certain level, only then Zener diode will allow flowing a current in reverse direction and this required voltage for reverse current to flow in Zener diode is known as the breakdown voltage. The voltage difference between the input voltage V S and V Z will be dropped across the resistance R. 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Click here to visit the playlist on this chapter The zener diode is designed to operate in the reverse break down region and has a predetermined reverse break down voltage V z. Read more to learn about the Zener diode as a voltage regulator, uses of a Zener diode, and how it is used as a voltage regulator with BYJU’S engaging videos. Zener diode as voltage regulator. Zener diode. Procedure . Theory. Zener diode voltage regulator circuit. The experiment shows that in both conditions, it acts as a voltage regulator as it allows current to flow without showing any fluctuation in output voltage. A Zener diode can limit the voltage across it, making it a voltage regulator! This is the currently selected item. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. Voltage Regulator Using Zener Diode Physics Astronomy Project Topics, Physics Science Fair Projects, Pyhsical Science, Astrology, Planets Solar Experiments for Kids and also Organics Physics Science ideas for CBSE, ICSE, GCSE, Middleschool, Elementary School for 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and High School Students for the year 2016. Zener diode as a voltage regulator: The function of a regulator is to provide a constant output voltage to a load connected in parallel with it in spite of the ripples in the supply voltage or the variation in the load current and the zener diode will continue to regulate the voltage until the diodes current falls below the minimum I Z(min) value in the reverse breakdown region. Assume that the transformer primary to secondary coils turns ratio is N: N2 = 16:1. CO-ED SCHOOL BHOPAL MOTHER TERESA SR. SEC. Zener diode has the property of behaving like a dc battery in ‘on’ state (i.e. You can even download our Vedantu app and access every related study material. Figure 2 shows the current versus voltage curve for a Zener diode. Zener diode & Zener breakdown . Thus, a constant voltage called Zener voltage (V z) is maintained across the Zener diode when the supply voltage changes. As Voltage Regulator 12. Following is the link explaining the difference between Zener breakdown and Avalanche breakdown: The circuit diagram of a voltage regulator using a Zener diode is shown: Current through the diode increases when the voltage across the diode tends to increase which results in the voltage drop across the resistor. Vedantu academic counsellor will be calling you shortly for your Online Counselling session. Mit Zenerdioden kann ein stabilisierter Spannungsausgang mit geringer Restwelligkeit bei wechselnden Laststrombedingungen erzeugt werden. Hence, it acts as a voltage regulator. Fig 2:Zener diode characteristic curve The forward bias region of a Zener diode is identical to that of a regular diode. To maintain a constant voltage across the load, even if the input voltage or load current varies, voltage. For example a 3.6V volt Zener Diode has breakdown voltage at 3.6V i.e. Zener diodes as voltage regulators A Circuit diagram symbol for a zener diode. Principle of zener diode. Ans. Furthermore, choosing a Zener diode becomes easy as the required output voltage and the input voltage is known from the beginning. Zener diode is specifically designed for this purpose. When reverse biased voltage applied to the zener diode reaches zener voltage, it starts allowing large amount of electric current. Required fields are marked *. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. When the breakdown occurs in Rectifier as well as Zener diode, it is known as Zener breakdown. Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. Hence, it acts as a voltage regulator. In Zener diode, there is a conventional current flow from anode to cathode. However, this would not be possible with a standard diode. Zener Diode Voltage Regulators S Bharadwaj Reddy June 3, 2017 December 12, 2018 Zener Diodes can be used to produce a stabilised voltage output with low ripple under varying load current conditions. Refer to the voltage reference circuit to set the resistance R 1. 1. The maximum current flowing through the diode. The Zener diode is a unique sort of diode having a sharp reduce off voltage for the […] Zener Diode checking. It is a system wherein a constant voltage level is maintained either using positive feedback or negative feedback. Thus, a constant voltage called Zener voltage (V z) is maintained across the Zener diode when the supply voltage changes. Why is Zener Diode Used as a Voltage Regulator? This zener diode voltage regulator circuit uses a Zener diode to establish a reference voltage. This silicon semiconductor is designed to function in the condition of reverse bias. Video. [HOTS; Foreign 2010] Ans. Furthermore, choosing a Zener diode becomes easy as the required output voltage and the input voltage is known from the beginning. When connected in reverse bias in series with a current limiting resistor, the voltage across the zener diode remains constant as long as a certain minimum current flows through it. Furthermore, you must refer to the image below to see how Zener diode can be used as voltage regulator. Nov 25, 2020 - Zener diode as a voltage regulator - Semiconductor Electronics Class 12 Video | EduRev is made by best teachers of Class 12. Similarly, the current through the diode decreases when the voltage across the diode tends to decrease. The exciting part of this diode is that we can choose the Zener diode with a suitable breakdown voltage to work as a voltage regulator in our circuit. (Actually, to be certain the zener diode could handle the power, I placed two 12 volt zeners in parallel. The Zener diode specially made to have a reverse voltage breakdown at a specific voltage. This video is highly rated by Class 12 students and has been viewed 628 times. When the Zener diode is given reverse bias feedback, there is a small leakage current until it attains the breakdown voltage or a constant voltage. Ans. In this experiment, a voltage versus current graph is drawn, which shows the forward and reverse bias given to the diode. Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. 33 6.34 12.9 34 6.35 14.7 35 6.36 19.7 36 6.367 20.7 On plotting V vs I graph, we get the following: 3. Therefore, the constant voltage helps Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator. A Zener diode is used to get constant DC voltage from a DC unregulated output of a rectifier. Let’s take the value of R 2 as 1kΩ. The reason behind this is, an ordinary diode may get damaged if you apply a voltage greater than its breakdown voltage in reverse bias. Zener Diode is a general purpose diode, which behaves like a normal diode when forward biased. you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. This semiconductor is manufactured in a wide variety of voltages and powers. Khan Academy is a … But when it is reverse biased above a certain voltage known as zener breakdown voltage or zener voltage or avalanche point or zener knee voltage the voltage remains constant for a wide range of current.. Clarence Zener is the scientist who discovered this electrical property and the device is … The reverse characteristic is obtained by taking reverse voltage along – ve … This video is extremely helpful for understanding the basic concepts of zener diode, how it works and how it is used as a voltage regulator. Here, the output voltage is balanced even if there is fluctuation in voltage supply. Zener diode and Zener diode as voltage regulator. We are going use it's reverse breakdown characteristics. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. Design for an op-amp voltage regulator circuit to drive a load of 6V,1.2W from an Input supply of 12V with a ±2V ripple voltage, using a 3V zener diode. I clamped the voltage of the transformer with a 12 volt zener diode and the crosstalk problem disappeared. Characteristics. The DC output voltage remains constant when the input varies within the limits as the voltage regulator is used. Function of Zener Diode in Voltage Regulator Abstract The strength property which we use may not be capable to grant us normal voltage. ... Zener diode voltage regulator . pn junction and zener diode 12 class project.ppt 1. in DEPARTMENT OF PHYICS MOTHER TERESA SR. SEC. To keep the output voltage constant at the desired value in spite of variations in the supply voltage. By now we know that even if we use a rectifier to convert AC input voltage, the output fluctuates too. 3. Chapter: 11th 12th std standard Class Physics sciense Higher secondary school College Notes | Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail | Posted On : 14.03.2016 05:16 am . Here is a link to step by step physics experiment of Zener diode as a voltage regulator and how its made. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. Fabrication – It has heavily doped p- side and n-side. It is a special purpose diode, named after the inventor C. Zener; It is designed to operate under reverse bias in the breakdown region ; The symbol for Zener diode is . when voltage equal to or greater than the breakdown voltage(3.6V) is applied across the Zener Diode in reverse direction the Zener Breakdown occurs and the output voltage of the Zener Diode becomes fixed at 3.6V. This voltage is called zener voltage or breakdown voltage (Vz). Thus we will connect the zener diode parallel to the load such that the applied voltage will reverse bias it. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator. The main use of zener diode lies in the fact that the voltage across a Zener diode remains constant for a larger change in current. (ii)Explain with the help of a circuit diagram, the use of a Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Subsequently, a P-N junction silicon semiconductor is used to make Zener diode regulator instead of any ordinary junction diode. Zener Diode. In the reverse bias condition the Zener diode is an open circuit and only a small leakage current is flowing as shown on the exaggerated plot. I happened to check the output of the 12 volt wall transformer and found it was 13.4 volts. Design a Zener diode voltage regulator circuit as shown in Fig. Zener diodes have voltage values from less than 2 volts to several hundred volts, and they can dissipate power ranging from 0.25 to 50 watts… or more. The reverse characteristic is obtained by taking reverse voltage along – ve X-axis and reverse current along –ve Y-axis. However, when the reverse voltages are applied, or reverse feedback is provided, a tiny leakage current is observed between the zener voltage and 0V. Zener Diode is Designed to Function in Which Region Without Having Any Damage? This is how zener diode is used as voltage regulator. Zener Diodes have a sharp reverse breakdown voltage and breakdown voltage will be constant for a wide rang of currents. Zener diode is used as a Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. Hence, it acts as a voltage regulator. Since the input voltage and the required output voltage is known, it is easier to choose a Zener diode with a voltage approximately equal to the load voltage, i.e. Resources. By designing the regulator here means to find the values of VZ and R. Since the load voltage is to be maintained at 12 V, we will use a zener diode of zener voltage 12 V i.e., The voltage across R is to remain constant at 16 − 12 = 4 V as the load current changes from 0 to 200 mA. However, when the reverse voltages are applied, or reverse feedback is provided, a tiny leakage current is observed between the zener voltage and 0V. As Voltage Regulator In a DC circuit, Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator or to provide voltage reference. It maintains a constant output voltage even when input voltage V i or load current I L varies. Choose the Appropriate Option Regarding the Level of Doping in the Zener Diode. It is connected to the positive terminal of the d.c. regulation is to be made. In this video, let's explore how a Zener diode can be used to regulate voltage. At this point, the current begins flowing seamlessly without any change in voltage. The unregulated voltage is connected through a potential divider arrangement using the rheostat. Learn the concepts of Class 12 Physics Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits with Videos and Stories. A Zener diode can limit the voltage across it, making it a voltage regulator! A 5 V stabilized power supply is required to be produced from a 12 V DC power supply input source. The typical forward voltage at room temperature with a current of around 1 mA is around 0.6 volts. Resources. It works in such a way the reverse-biased can also work in breakdown conditions. Zener Diode Voltage Regulators S Bharadwaj Reddy June 3, 2017 December 12, 2018 Zener Diodes can be used to produce a stabilised voltage output with low ripple under varying load current conditions. This ensures that even when a load is applied the voltage doesn’t drop. Our mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere. Here, look at the schematic symbol and appearance of a Zener diode. Your email address will not be published. The Figure shows the fuction of zener diode as voltage regulator.The diode is selected in such a way that its breakdown voltage is equal to the desired output voltage. Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor with a p-n junction that is specifically designed to work in the reverse biased condition. You will be able to get in-depth knowledge of the concept with these study notes prepared by our expert teachers. After it attains a voltage VZ, there is unrestricted current flow in the system. By studying these concepts, you will be able to explain Zener diode as a voltage regulator in a better way and solve exercise questions. The circuit is wired up as shown in the figure. The low value is required so as to allow the maximum flow of current through the diode, connected in parallel. When the input voltage is less than the breakdown voltage (V z), very small current flows through the diode and the whole input appears across the output terminals. Zener diodes are used in circuits to maintain a fixed voltage across a load. Minimum reverse current is required for voltage regulation to keep diode in the breakdown region. The image depicts a current versus voltage graph. Zener diode is used as Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. Theory. Its property of breakdown voltage which we have discussed earlier plays a key role in voltage regulation. The battery is charging with a constant current 20mA. Viva Voce. For example, we want that the voltage across a load in our circuit does not exceed, let’s say, 12 volts. Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. Zener diode as a voltage regulator: A Zener diode working in the breakdown region can serve as a voltage regulator. What is the Experiment to Study Zener Diodes as a Voltage Regulator? This is a circuit diagram of a Zener diode used as a voltage regulator. Hence, V. Draw the Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Circuit Diagram. By controlling the doping level, the breakdown region can be set during the manufacturing of the diode. It essentially steps down the input voltage to the desired level and keeps it at that same level during the supply. The normal AC voltage, Vp = 220V(rms) and can vary +10% during charging. How Zener Diode Act as a Voltage Regulator? Explain, giving reason. 6 Result The breakdown potential, also called the zener potential i.e V z ≈ 6.30V. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. We do not use ordinary junction diode because the low power rating diode can get damaged when we apply reverse bias above its breakdown voltage. (i)Zener diode is used as voltage regulator. Zener Diode as DC voltage regulator. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator In Zener diode, there is a conventional current flow from anode to cathode. The voltage regulator is used for two main reasons, and they are: Voltage regulators are used in computers, power generators, alternators to control the output of the plant. A zener diode is a diode that breaks down at a specific voltage when it is reverse biased. Pro Lite, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12. when the voltage across the zener diode exceeds its zener voltage rating VZ) . In this video, let's explore how a Zener diode can be used to regulate voltage. The zener diode thus acts as a simple voltage regulator. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. Zener diode is used as Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. The primary objective of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage. There is a series resistor connected to the circuit in order to limit the current into the diode. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. Sorry!, This page is not available for now to bookmark. The primary objective of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage. Over voltage protection is done by using Zener diodes because there is current flowing through the diode after the reverse bias voltage exceeds a certain voltage . In spite of changes in the load current or in the input voltage, the Zener diode maintains a constant voltage across the load. The maximum power rating P Z of the Zener diode is 2 W. Using the circuit above, calculate 1. Materials required: Battery; Rheostat; Small resistance (200 Ω) Milliammeter; Voltmeter; Key; Zener diode; Real Lab Procedure: Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram. 2. 5. When the Zener diode is given reverse bias feedback, there is a small leakage current until it attains the breakdown voltage or a constant voltage. However, this forward flow of current can be reversed if the voltage surpasses a specific value which is known as the breakdown or Zener voltage. When forward biased, it behaves like a normal signal diode, but when the reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. Problems on zener diode as voltage regulator. A 4V7 zener diode is used as a voltage regulator as shown in the diagram below. Now lets solve an example problem that illustrates the Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Feedback. Zener Diode as a voltage. Procedure. 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